Table of Contents
- 1 What will happen to an organism if its cell is damaged?
- 2 What happens to a cell if the cell membrane is damaged?
- 3 What are the cellular changes that occur during injury?
- 4 What can cause damage to a membrane?
- 5 What are the types of cell injury?
- 6 What happens to reproductive cells during mitosis division?
- 7 Where does a cell spend most of its time during mitosis?
- 8 What happens when chromosome breaks off during meiosis?
What will happen to an organism if its cell is damaged?
Cell damage can be reversible or irreversible. Depending on the extent of injury, the cellular response may be adaptive and where possible, homeostasis is restored. Cell death occurs when the severity of the injury exceeds the cell’s ability to repair itself.
What happens to a cell if the cell membrane is damaged?
If the plasma membrane ruptures or breaks down, the cell will not be able to exchange material from its surroundings by diffusion or osmosis because it acts as a mechanical barrier. Thereafter, the protoplasmic material will be disappeared, and the cell will die.
What do cells release when damaged?
Upon tissue injury, damaged cells release inflammatory chemical signals that evoke local vasodilation, the widening of the blood vessels. Increased blood flow results in apparent redness and heat. In response to injury, mast cells present in tissue degranulate, releasing the potent vasodilator histamine.
What are the cellular changes that occur during injury?
When cells are injured, one of two patterns will generally result: reversible cell injury leading to adaptation of the cells and tissue, or irreversible cell injury leading to cell death and tissue damage. When cells adapt to injury, their adaptive changes can be atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, or metaplasia.
What can cause damage to a membrane?
Several biochemical mechanisms may contribute to membrane damage:
- mitochondrial dysfunction.
- loss of membrane phospholipids.
- cytoskeletal anomalies.
- reactive oxygen species (ROS)
- lipid breakdown products.
- cytoplasmic membrane damage.
What is the most common cause of cellular injury?
Hypoxia is the most important cause of cell injury. Irreversible cell injury can be recognized by changes in the appearance of the nucleus and rupture of the cell membrane.
What are the types of cell injury?
Types of cell injury
- Cellular swelling due to water influx (earliest manifestation of cell injury)
- Hydropic change or vacuolar degeneration: small, clear vacuoles within the cytoplasm (from distended ER)
- Plasma membrane alterations (blebbing, blunting, loss of microvilli)
What happens to reproductive cells during mitosis division?
Mitosis is how somatic—or non-reproductive cells—divide. Somatic cells make up most of your body’s tissues and organs, including skin, muscles, lungs, gut, and hair cells. Reproductive cells (like eggs) are not somatic cells.
What happens to the Golgi apparatus during mitosis?
When a cell divides during mitosis, some organelles are divided between the two daughter cells. For example, mitochondria are capable of growing and dividing during the interphase, so the daughter cells each have enough mitochondria. The Golgi apparatus, however, breaks down before mitosis and reassembles in each of the new daughter cells.
Where does a cell spend most of its time during mitosis?
The Mitosis Cell Cycle. Before a cell starts dividing, it is in the “Interphase.”. It seems that cells must be constantly dividing (remember there are 2 trillion cell divisions in your body every day), but each cell actually spends most of its time in the interphase.
What happens when chromosome breaks off during meiosis?
During meiosis, a small portion of each chromosome breaks off and reattaches to another chromosome. This process is called “crossing over” or “genetic recombination.” Genetic recombination is the reason full siblings made from egg and sperm cells from the same two parents can look very different from one another.